HM 150.19 Operating Principle Of A Pelton Turbine Didactic Equipment Vocational Education Training Equipment Fluid Mechanics Lab Equipment Description
Water turbines are turbomachines utilising water power. The Pelton turbine is a type of impulse turbine; such turbines convert the pressure energy of water into kinetic energy entirely in the distributor. During the conversion, the water jet is accelerated in a nozzle and directed onto the blades of the Pelton wheel tangentially. The water jet is redirected by approximately 180° in the blades. The impulse of the water jet is transmitted to the Pelton wheel.
HM 150.19 is a model of a Pelton turbine demonstrating the function of an impulse turbine. The experimental unit consists of the Pelton wheel, a needle nozzle used as distributor, a band brake for loading the turbine and a housing with a transparent front panel. The transparent cover enables to observe the water flow, the Pelton wheel and the nozzle during operation. The nozzle cross-section and thus the flow rate are modified by adjusting the nozzle needle.
The turbine torque is determined by force measurement on a band brake and is read on spring balances. For measuring the rotational speed, a non-contact speed sensor, e.g. HM 082, is required. A manometer shows the water pressure at the turbine inlet.
The experimental unit is positioned easily and securely on the work surface of the HM 150 base module. The water is supplied and the flow rate measured by HM 150. Alternatively, the experimental unit can be operated by the laboratory supply. Technical details
Specification
function of a Pelton turbine
transparent front panel for observing the operating area
loading the turbine by use of the band brake
adjustable nozzle needle for setting different nozzle cross-sections
marking on brake drum for non-contact speed measurement
instruments: spring balances for determining the torque, manometer shows pressure at turbine inlet
flow rate determination by base module HM 150
water supply using base module HM 150 or via laboratory supply Technical data
Pelton turbine
output: 5W at 500min-1, approx. 30L/min, H=2m
Pelton wheel
14 blades
blade width: 33,5mm
external Ø: 132mm
Needle nozzle
jet diameter: 10mm
Measuring ranges
force: 2x 0…10N
pressure: 0…1bar
